最後更新／Last Updated：2025-03-13
Polonnaruwa, once the second capital of the Sinhala Kingdom in Sri Lanka. Today, beyond its famous palace ruins, Polonnaruwa is home to numerous towering stupas, colossal Buddha statues, and intricate relief murals, making it a city where Buddhist art has reached its zenith. Exploring this city by bicycle or Tuk-Tuk allows visitors to immerse themselves in the grandeur of the ancient kingdom.
In addition to its endless array of ancient ruins, Polonnaruwa is also a bustling city. The area around the Polonnaruwa Road near the train station is lined with various shops, making it convenient to purchase everyday items or find a restaurant.
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◦ Polonnaruwa Ancient City
Within the ancient city, one can find not only Brahmanical monuments but also the remnants of structures built by Parakramabahu I in the 12th century. Despite later being reduced to ruins due to invasions by the South Indian Tamil groups, the magnificent architecture and intricate carvings of the stupas have ensured that their importance was never forgotten. In recognition of its historical and cultural significance, Polonnaruwa was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.
◦ 7 Must-See Highlights of Polonnaruwa
01｜Royal Palace of King
The palace ruins left by Parakramabahu I were once a magnificent seven-story palace. Each floor had over a hundred rooms, which led the local people to call it the "Palace of a Thousand Rooms."
02｜King’s Council Chamber
This ruin in front of the palace is the Council Chamber of Parakramabahu I. The chamber has three levels, each adorned with distinct decorations. The bottom level is carved with elephants in various poses, the second level features lions, and the top level has carvings of Vamana.
03｜The Vatadage
Vatadage is one of Polonnaruwa's most famous monuments. It is said that the "Sacred Tooth Relic" of the Buddha was once housed here before being moved to the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy. Vatadage was built to protect the central stupa. Around the stupa, there are four Buddha statues, each facing one of the four entrances.
04｜Rankoth Vehera
No trip to Polonnaruwa is complete without visiting Rankoth Vehera. Built during the 12th century under the reign of Nissankamalla, Rankoth Vehera is the largest stupa in Polonnaruwa and the fourth largest in Sri Lanka. Constructed entirely of brick, it is remarkably well-preserved compared to other structures in the area. While visiting, I encountered a group of locals sitting in front of the stupa, reverently chanting prayers. The scene was both peaceful and beautiful.
05｜Gal Vihara
Gal Vihara is one of the most significant works of the 12th century. Four large Buddha statues are carved into a single granite rock, making it one of Sri Lanka's most famous rock sculptures. Each statue shows a different posture, representing various stages of the Buddha's life.
The most impressive thing to me is the 14-meter-long reclining Buddha on the right, depicting the Buddha's entry into Nirvana. Notably, the pillow under the Buddha's head has subtle indentations, showcasing the intricate craftsmanship.
06｜ Lankatilaka Temple
Lankatilaka Temple is one of the most captivating structures in Polonnaruwa, built by Parakramabahu I. Although the roof has collapsed, walking towards the massive standing headless Buddha statue still inspires a sense of awe.
07｜Parakramabahu I
This statue is believed to represent Parakramabahu I, who ruled from 1153 to 1186. His illustrious reign included the unification of the island's three small kingdoms, the construction of extensive irrigation systems, and the promotion of Buddhist art and culture.
Polonnaruwa Ancient City Opening Hours: 0700-1700 Ticket Prices: Full Price: 30 USD Half Price: 15 USD (04/2024)
◦ The Video
◦ Restaurants
01｜Saumyasiri Pastry
Saumyasiri Pastry, located not far from the bus and train stations, is a beloved bakery among locals. A pastry filled with plenty of beef costs only 140 LKR, making it a great value for money!
Opening Hours: 0630-2100 Location: 900/A, Saw Mill Junction
02｜Midland Cafe
In Sri Lanka, restaurants or cafes with air conditioning automatically earn a high impression score! This café not only offers air conditioning but also serves delicious food at affordable prices. A generous serving of mango ice cream costs just 180 LKR, which is truly a fantastic deal!
Opening Hours: 0730-2000 Location: 688 Maradankadawala-Habarana-Thirukkondaiadimadu Hwy
03｜NDK Restaurant
I walked into this restaurant because I was drawn in by the aroma of curry! They offer a buffet-style dining experience, and the staff even recommend the tasty vegetables of the day.
Location: 851, Saw Mill Junction
◦ Guesthouse: Luxman Guest House
Lakshman, who runs the Luxman Guest House, is hands down the best guesthouse owner I've ever met! On the day of check-in, despite my train being delayed, Lakshman patiently confirmed the details with me over WhatsApp. But that's not all that touched me.
The next morning, as I headed to the ancient city, he recommended a reasonably priced and excellent tuk-tuk driver. Before departure, he even picked lotus flowers from his pond for me to offer at the temple. Moreover, Lakshman is a great conversationalist, and his insights have made me develop a strong fondness for Sri Lanka!
The room is clean. If visiting in summer, I suggest choosing rooms with air conditioning. There might be frogs in the bathroom, but Lakshman will kindly escort them out.
◦ How to Travel from Colombo to Polonnaruwa
You can purchase train tickets from Fort Railway Station to Polonnaruwa Railway Station on the same day or book them online in advance. The journey takes approximately 5 to 6 hours. It's important to note that even for second-class passengers, purchasing tickets on-site may result in standing tickets without guaranteed seating. To ensure a seat, it's advisable to book tickets online and collect the paper tickets at Fort Railway Station.
Fare: 1,680 LKR (04/2024)
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